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Showing posts with label writing system. Show all posts
Showing posts with label writing system. Show all posts

11/20/2012

五月天《戇人》歌詞

五月天《戇人》歌詞:
台灣閩南語漢字及羅馬字



免責聲明:本站所提供之音檔,除非另外註明出處,係皆由站長參照音韻規律錄製而成,然站長既非嚴格定義下的母語人士、亦非台灣閩南語教師,故此處之音檔僅供學習參考之用。


戇人
gōng-lâng


作詞:阿信
作曲:阿信
編曲:五月天

我的心內感覺人生的沈重 
guá ê sim-lāi kám-kak jîn-sing ê tîm-tāng
我的心裡感覺到人生的沈重

毋敢來振動
m̄-káⁿ lâi tín-tāng
不敢輕舉妄動

我毋是好囝嘛毋是歹人
guá m̄-sī hó-kiáⁿ mā m̄-sī pháiⁿ-lâng
我不是好孩子也不是壞人

我只是愛眠夢
guá tsí-sī ài bîn-bāng
我只是喜歡做夢

我毋願隨湧隨風飄浪西東
guá m̄-guān sûi íng sûi hong phiau-lōng se
tang
我不願意隨著風浪東西漂泊

親像船無港
tshin-tshiūⁿ tsûn bô káng
好像找不到港口的船隻

我毋願做人奸巧閬縫 
guá m̄-guān tsuè-lâng kan-khiáu làng-phāng
我不願意為人奸詐狡猾

甘願來做戇人
kam-guān lâi tsuè gōng-lâng
寧願當個傻瓜

#1
我毋是頭腦空空 
guá m̄-sī thâu-náu khang-khang
我不是腦袋空空

我毋是一隻米蟲
guá m̄-sī tsi̍t-tsiah bí-thâng
我不是一隻米蟲

人啊人一世人
lâng ah lâng tsi̍t-sì-lâng
人啊人一輩子

卜按怎歡喜過春夏秋冬
beh-án-tsuáⁿ huaⁿ-hí kuè tshun-hā-tshiu-tang
要如何才能歡喜度過春夏秋冬

#A
我有我的路有我的夢
guá ū guá ê lō͘ ū guá ê bāng
我有我的路有我的夢

夢中的彼个世界敢講伊是一場空
bāng-tiong ê hit-ê sè-kài kám-kóng i sī tsi̍t-tiûⁿ khang
夢中的那個世界難道只是一場空

我行過的路只有希望 
guá kiâⁿ-kuè ê lō͘ tsí-ū hi-bāng
我走過的路只有希望

#2 #B
希望你我講過的話放在心肝內總有一工
hi-bāng lí guá kóng-kuè ê uē pàng tsāi sim-kuaⁿ lāi tsóng ū tsi̍t-kang
希望你把我講過的話放在心裡總有一天

看著滿天全金條卜捎無半項 
khuàⁿ-tio̍h muá-thiⁿ tsuân kim-tiâu beh sa bô-puàⁿ-hāng
看到滿天都是金條想要抓取卻一條也沒有

環境來戲弄
huân-kíng lâi hì-lāng
造化弄人

背景無夠強天才無夠弄 
puē-kíng bô-kàu kiông thian-tsâi bô-kàu lāng
背景不夠強本事不夠大

逐項是攏輸人
ta̍k-hāng sī lóng su-lâng
每一項都不如人

只好看破這虛華毋驚路歹行毋驚大雨淋
tsí-hó khuàⁿ-phuà tse hi-hua m̄-kiaⁿ lō͘ pháiⁿ-kiâⁿ m̄-kiaⁿ tuā-hō͘ lâm
只好看破這虛華不怕路難行不怕大雨淋

心上一字敢面對我的夢 
sim siōng tsi̍t lī káⁿ bīn-tùi guá ê bāng
心上一字敢面對我的夢

甘願來做戇人
kam-guān lâi tsuè gōng-lâng
寧願當個傻瓜

<重複 #1~#2>

<重複 #A~#B>

我知總會有一工
guá tsai tsóng ē ū tsi̍t-kang
我知道總會有一天

啦~~~
la~~~
啦~~~

我有我的路我有我的夢
guá ū guá ê lō͘ ū guá ê bāng
我有我的路我有我的夢

總會有一工
tsóng ē ū tsi̍t-kang
總會有一天

總會有一工
tsóng ē ū tsi̍t-kang
總會有一天


啦~~~
la~~~
啦~~~

[附註]
第一行為教育部薦用台灣閩南語漢字,第二行為台灣閩南語羅馬字,第三行則為華語翻譯。粗體字為薦用漢字與歌詞原著所使用的漢字不同之處,底線則標示押韻之音節。gōng的通俗的寫法為「憨」,因此歌詞裡提到「心上一字敢」,然而正確的漢字應為「戇」(華語讀音為ㄓㄨㄤˋ/zhuàng),亦即「心上一字贛」。有關beh-án-tsuáⁿ為什麼要寫成「卜按怎」可參考這篇文章。

[參考資料]
教育部台灣閩南語常用詞辭典

[原著歌詞] 轉載自 ※ Mojim.com 魔鏡歌詞網

憨人


我的心內感覺 人生的沈重 不敢來振動
我不是好子 嘛不是歹人 我只是愛眠夢
我不願隨浪隨風 飄浪西東 親像船無港
我不願做人 奸巧鑽縫 甘願來作憨人

我不是頭腦空空 我不是一隻米蟲
人啊人 一世人 要安怎歡喜 過春夏秋冬

我有我的路 有我的夢 夢中的那個世界 甘講伊是一場空
我走過的路 只有希望 希望你我講過的話 放在心肝內 總有一天

看到滿天全金條 要煞無半項 環境來戲弄
背景無夠強 天才無夠弄 逐項是攏輸人
只好看破這虛華 不怕路歹行 不怕大雨淋
心上一字敢 面對我的夢 甘願來作憨人
我知影總有一天

啦~~~

我有我的路 我有我的夢
總會有一天 總會有一天





《戇人》歌詞朗讀版:


五月天《戇人》官方版MV:



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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

10/16/2012

噶瑪蘭語書寫系統簡介 (Introduction to the Writing System of the Kavalan Language)

噶瑪蘭語書寫系統簡介
Introduction to the Writing System of the Kavalan Language


噶瑪蘭語總共有21個字母,其中4個為母音字母,17個為子音字母。字母及其發音分別如下:

There are 21 letters in Kavalan, 4 of which are vowels while the remaining 17 are consonants. The letters and their corresponding pronunciations in International Phonetic Alphabet are as follows:

[母音] (Vowels)
噶瑪蘭語字母
(Kavalan  letters)
國際音標
(International Phonetic Alphabet)
a/a/
i/i/
u/u/
e/ə/


[子音] (Consonants)
噶瑪蘭語字母
(Kavalan  letters)
國際音標
(International Phonetic Alphabet)
b/β/
d/ɮ/
h/h/
k/k˭/
l/ɾ/
m/m/
n/n/
ng/ŋ/
p/p˭/
q/q˭/
R/ʁ/
s/s/
t/t˭/
w/w/
y/j/
z/z/
’/ʔ/


[附註]
  • R是唯一必須大寫的字母,其發音與法語的r相同(例如:rester 「停留」)。由於噶瑪蘭語字母並沒有使用到小寫的r,本可只用r而不用R。然而,多數噶瑪蘭族人都會說阿美語,而阿美語裡使用小寫r表示顫音/r/,或許是為了要使噶瑪蘭人不致混亂,故特別使用大寫R來加以區別。
  • 最容易混淆的兩個音是d所代表的舌尖有聲邊擦音與l所代表的舌尖閃音。前者如同蒙古語долоо「七」當中的л,而後者如同美式英語latter當中的tt。
  • 噶瑪蘭語是少數區分長子音與短子音的台灣南島語。例如,sani「水獺」與sanni「癢」,以及sukaw「糟糕」與sukkaw「非常糟糕」。


[Notes]
  • "R" is the only letter that always has to be capitalized. The sound it stands for is very close to the French “r” as in rester ‘to stay’. Since the lower case “r” is not used in the Kavalan alphabet, it could have been used to serve the function of the capital “R”. However, most Kavalan people also speak the Amis language, where the lower case “r” is used to stand for the trill /r/. So, probably in order not to confuse Kavalan people, the capital “R” is stipulated to represent /ʁ/ and the lower case “r” is reserved for the trill.
  • The most confusing sound pair is probably the voiced alveolar lateral fricative represented by “d” and the alveolar flap represented by “l”. The former sound is close to the Mongolian л as in долоо ‘seven’ while the latter is very similar to the sound for “tt” in “latter” as it is pronounced in American English.
  • Kavalan is one of the few Formosan languages that phonemically distinguish short consonants from long ones. Compare, for instance, sani ‘otter’ with sanni ‘itchy’ and sukaw ‘bad’ with sukkaw ‘very bad’.   

參考資料:
民國94年由行政院原住民委員會公告之《原住民族語言書寫系統》


李壬癸,2006,噶瑪蘭語的幾個音韻議題,發表於第16屆東南亞語言學學會之年度研討會。2006年9月20-21日於印尼雅加達阿瑪加雅大學。

References: Writing Systems of the Indigenous Peoples announced by Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan in 2005

Li,Paul Jen-kuei. 2006. Some Problems in the Kavalan Phonology. Presented at the 16th Annual Meeting of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society, 20-21 September, 2006 Atma Jaya University, Jakarta, Indonesia






一起來聽聽看噶瑪蘭語的美妙聲音吧!
(Let's get the feel of how Kavalan sounds!)



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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-

10/05/2012

郡群布農語子音(3): h, s, v, z (Isbukun Bunun Consonant Sounds (3): h, s, v, z)



郡群布農語書寫及發音
Writing and Pronunciation in Isbukun Bunun



免責聲明:本站所提供之音檔,除非另外註明出處,係皆由站長參照音韻規律錄製而成,然站長既非母語人士、亦非族語教師,故此處之音檔僅供學習參考之用。

Disclaimer:  The audio files provided on this site were made of and by me unless otherwise indicated. Nevertheless, I am neither a native speaker nor a teacher of any indigenous language. The sound samples are meant for reference only.


特殊符號:
  • 連字號(-):用以區分音節。例如"hai-ap"(意為「知道」)表示該詞須切割為”hai”及”ap”兩個音節,而非”ha”及”iap”兩個音節。
  • 尖音符(ˊ):用以標記重音音節。若無尖音符則表示重音落在倒數第二音節。

Special symbols:
  • Hyphen (-): indicates syllable boundaries. For instance, “hai-ap” (meaning “know”) means the word consists of syllables “hai” and “ap”, but not “ha” and “iap” (or other possibilities).
  • Acute accent (ˊ): indicates the stressed syllable. In the absence of the acute accent, the stress falls on the penultimate syllable by default.

重音:
重音落在非末音節的時候,重音音節讀高平調〔相當於華語的第一聲〕;而重音落在末音節時,重音音節讀高降調〔相當於華語的第四聲〕。

Stress:
The stressed syllable is pronounced with a high level pitch when the stress falls on the non-final syllable, and with a high falling pitch when the stress falls on the last syllable.

變音:

  • 在i之前或之後的s通常顎化為[ʃ]
  • 在詞尾的v和z通常清化為[f]和[θ]

Phonological changes:

  • “s” before or after “i” is usually palatalized into [ʃ].
  • “v” and “z” at the word-finally position are usually devoiced into [f] and [θ] respectively.

參考資料:
  • 《原住民族語基礎教材: 字母篇》,行政院原住民委員會,民100
  • Isbukun布農語構詞法研究,讀冊文化,民90

References:
  • Basic Teaching Materials of the Indigenous Languages: Letters, Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan, 2011
Study on the Morphology of Isbukun Bunun,Ducewenhua,2001





Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

10/02/2012

郡群布農語子音(2): l, m, n, ng (Isbukun Bunun Consonant Sounds (2): l, m, n, ng)



郡群布農語書寫及發音
Writing and Pronunciation in Isbukun Bunun



免責聲明:本站所提供之音檔,除非另外註明出處,係皆由站長參照音韻規律錄製而成,然站長既非母語人士、亦非族語教師,故此處之音檔僅供學習參考之用。

Disclaimer:  The audio files provided on this site were made of and by me unless otherwise indicated. Nevertheless, I am neither a native speaker nor a teacher of any indigenous language. The sound samples are meant for reference only.


特殊符號:
  • 連字號(-):用以區分音節。例如"hai-ap"(意為「知道」)表示該詞須切割為”hai”及”ap”兩個音節,而非”ha”及”iap”兩個音節。
  • 尖音符(ˊ):用以標記重音音節。若無尖音符則表示重音落在倒數第二音節。

Special symbols:
  • Hyphen (-): indicates syllable boundaries. For instance, “hai-ap” (meaning “know”) means the word consists of syllables “hai” and “ap”, but not “ha” and “iap” (or other possibilities).
  • Acute accent (ˊ): indicates the stressed syllable. In the absence of the acute accent, the stress falls on the penultimate syllable by default.

重音:
重音落在非末音節的時候,重音音節讀高平調〔相當於華語的第一聲〕;而重音落在末音節時,重音音節讀高降調〔相當於華語的第四聲〕。

Stress:
The stressed syllable is pronounced with a high level pitch when the stress falls on the non-final syllable, and with a high falling pitch when the stress falls on the last syllable.

變音:

  • 在相同音節當中,i之前或之後的s通常顎化為[ɕ]
  • 在詞尾的v和z通常清化為[f]和[θ]

Phonological changes:

  • “s” before or after “i” in the same syllable is usually palatalized into [ɕ].
  • “v” and “z” at the word-final position are usually devoiced into [f] and [θ] respectively.

參考資料:
  • 《原住民族語基礎教材: 字母篇》,行政院原住民委員會,民100
  • Isbukun布農語構詞法研究,讀冊文化,民90

References:
  • Basic Teaching Materials of the Indigenous Languages: Letters, Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan, 2011
Study on the Morphology of Isbukun Bunun,Ducewenhua,2001

10/01/2012

郡群布農語子音(1): p, t, c, k, b, d (Isbukun Bunun Consonant Sounds (1): p, t, c, k , b, d)



郡群布農語書寫及發音
Writing and Pronunciation in Isbukun Bunun



免責聲明:本站所提供之音檔,除非另外註明出處,係皆由站長參照音韻規律錄製而成,然站長既非母語人士、亦非族語教師,故此處之音檔僅供學習參考之用。


Disclaimer:  The audio files provided on this site were made of and by me unless otherwise indicated. Nevertheless, I am neither a native speaker nor a teacher of any indigenous language. The sound samples are meant for reference only.


特殊符號:

  • 連字號(-):用以區分音節。例如"hai-ap"(意為「知道」)表示該詞須切割為”hai”及”ap”兩個音節,而非”ha”及”iap”兩個音節。
  • 尖音符(ˊ):用以標記重音音節。若無尖音符則表示重音落在倒數第二音節。

Special symbols:

  • Hyphen (-): indicates syllable boundaries. For instance, “hai-ap” (meaning “know”) means the word consists of syllables “hai” and “ap”, but not “ha” and “iap” (or other possibilities).
  • Acute accent (ˊ): indicates the stressed syllable. In the absence of the acute accent, the stress falls on the penultimate syllable by default.

重音:
重音落在非末音節的時候,重音音節讀高平調〔相當於華語的第一聲〕;而重音落在末音節時,重音音節讀高降調〔相當於華語的第四聲〕。

Stress:
The stressed syllable is pronounced with a high level pitch when the stress falls on the non-final syllable, and with a high falling pitch when the stress falls on the last syllable.

變音:

  • 在i之前或之後的s通常顎化為[ʃ]
  • 在詞尾的v和z通常清化為[f]和[θ]

Phonological changes:

  • “s” before or after “i” is usually palatalized into [ʃ].
  • “v” and “z” at the word-finally position are usually devoiced into [f] and [θ] respectively.

參考資料:
  • 《原住民族語基礎教材: 字母篇》,行政院原住民委員會,民100
  • Isbukun布農語構詞法研究,讀冊文化,民90

References:
  • Basic Teaching Materials of the Indigenous Languages: Letters, Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan, 2011
Study on the Morphology of Isbukun Bunun,Ducewenhua,2001

9/05/2012

郡群布農語母音(Isbukun Bunun Vowel Sounds)




郡群布農語書寫及發音
Writing and Pronunciation in Isbukun Bunun



免責聲明:本站所提供之音檔,除非另外註明出處,係皆由站長參照音韻規律錄製而成,然站長既非母語人士、亦非族語教師,故此處之音檔僅供學習參考之用。

Disclaimer:  The audio files provided on this site were made of and by me unless otherwise indicated. Nevertheless, I am neither a native speaker nor a teacher of any indigenous language. The sound samples are meant for reference only.


特殊符號:
  • 連字號(-):用以區分音節。例如"hai-ap"(意為「知道」)表示該詞須切割為”hai”及”ap”兩個音節,而非”ha”及”iap”兩個音節。
  • 尖音符(ˊ):用以標記重音音節。若無尖音符則表示重音落在倒數第二音節。

Special symbols:
  • Hyphen (-): indicates syllable boundaries. For instance, “hai-ap” (meaning “know”) means the word consists of syllables “hai” and “ap”, but not “ha” and “iap” (or other possibilities).
  • Acute accent (ˊ): indicates the stressed syllable. In the absence of the acute accent, the stress falls on the penultimate syllable by default.

重音:
重音落在非末音節的時候,重音音節讀高平調〔相當於華語的第一聲〕;而重音落在末音節時,重音音節讀高降調〔相當於華語的第四聲〕。

Stress:
The stressed syllable is pronounced with a high level pitch when the stress falls on the non-final syllable, and with a high falling pitch when the stress falls on the last syllable.

變音:

  • 在i之前或之後的s通常顎化為[ʃ]
  • 在詞尾的v和z通常清化為[f]和[θ]

Phonological changes:

  • “s” before or after “i” is usually palatalized into [ʃ].
  • “v” and “z” at the word-finally position are usually devoiced into [f] and [θ] respectively.

參考資料:
  • 《原住民族語基礎教材: 字母篇》,行政院原住民委員會,民100
  • Isbukun布農語構詞法研究,讀冊文化,民90

References:
  • Basic Teaching Materials of the Indigenous Languages: Letters, Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan, 2011
  • Study on the Morphology of Isbukun Bunun,Ducewenhua,2001



Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

9/04/2012

郡群布農語書寫系統簡介(Intro to the Writing System of Isbukun Bunun)

郡群布農語書寫系統簡介
Introduction to the Writing System of Isbukun Bunun



郡群布農語總共有17個字母,其中3個為母音字母,14個為子音字母。字母及其發音分別如下:

There are 17 letters in Isbukun Bunun, 3 of which are vowels while the remaining 14 are consonants. The letters and their corresponding pronunciations in International Phonetic Alphabet are as follows:

[母音] (Vowels)
郡群布農語字母
(Isbukun Bunun  letters)
國際音標
(International Phonetic Alphabet)
a/a/
i/i/
u/u/


[子音] (Consonants)
郡群布農語字母
(Isbukun Bunun  letters)
國際音標
(International Phonetic Alphabet)
b/b/
c/ʦ/
d/d/
h/x/ or /χ/
k/k˭/
l/l/ or /ɬ/
m/m/
n/n/
ng/ŋ/
p/p˭/
s/s/
t/t˭/
v/v/
z/ð/


[特殊符號]

  • 連字號(-):用以區分音節,其功能類似法語之分音符

    (¨)

    。例如"hai-ap"(意為「知道」)表示該詞須切割為”hai”及”ap”兩個音節,而非”ha”及”iap”兩個音節。
  • 尖音符(ˊ):郡群布農語單純詞重音絕大多數落在倒數第二個音節上,但仍有部分單純詞的重音是落在最後一個音節上,甚至有些衍生詞的重音是落在倒數第三個音節上,為便於區分,站長借鏡西班牙語,採用尖音符標記重音落在倒數第二個音節以外的情況。換言之,尖音符出現處即為重音之所在,若無尖音符則重音落在倒數第二音節。此與《原住民族語言書寫系統》中使用兩個相同母音的做法有所不同。例如,「小孩」這個詞根據《原》的系統必須寫為“uvaaz”,而在此處寫成“uváz”。然而,若衍生詞中兩詞素之銜接處恰好為相同母音,則仍重複書寫該母音,而不使用尖音符。例如,ta-aza(意為「聽」)加上表命令之後綴-a之後,重音移到最後一個音節,寫成ta-azaa,而不寫成ta-azá,目的在彰顯該詞由多個詞素所組成。尖音符可視為教學的輔助工具,而非書寫系統的必要成份。南投地區的郡群布農語與其他地區的郡群布農語的不同之處在於前者重音絕大多數落在最後一個音節上。


[Special symbols]

  • Hyphen (-): The hyphen is used to indicate syllable boundaries, which functions like the diaeresis (or umlaut) in French. For instance, “hai-ap” (meaning “know”) means the word consists of syllables “hai” and “ap”, but not “ha” and “iap” (or other possibilities).
  • Acute accent (ˊ): The stress of monomorphemic words in Isbukun Bunun by and large falls on the penultimate syllable. However, there are some exceptional cases where the stress falls on the last syllable instead. In the case of polymorphemic words, the stress may even fall on the antepenultimate syllable. Following the convention in Spanish, I use the acute accent  to mark cases where the stress is not on the penultimate syllable. That is, the acute accent always indicates where the stress is, and when there is not acute accent the stress falls on the penultimate syllable by default. The use of acute accent differs from the suggested convention in Writing Systems of the Indigenous Peoples (WSIP), where two identical vowels at the end of a word are used to indicate that the stress falls on the last syllable, not the default penultimate syllable. For example, the word for “child” is written as uvaaz  in WSIP, but as uváz here. However, in the case of polymorphemic words where the morpheme boundary happens to be two identical vowels, the acute accent is not used and the two identical vowels are preserved in orthography. For instance, the imperative form (marked by the suffix -a) of the verb ta-aza (meaning “listen to”) is written as ta-azaa but not as ta-azá in order to facilitate the recognition of multiple morphemes. The acute accent can be treated as an auxiliary aid for teaching pronunciation, and not as a necessary element in the writing system. The Nantou variety of Isbukun Bunun differs from other varieties because its stress typically falls on the ultimate syllable.  


參考資料:民國94年由行政院原住民委員會公告之《原住民族語言書寫系統》

Reference: Writing Systems of the Indigenous Peoples announced by Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan in 2005






一起來聽聽看郡群布農語的美妙聲音吧!
(Let's get the feel of how Isbukun Bunun sounds!)



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